Introducing Seoul part 1
The basic information of Seoul
1. The built-up area of central city of Seoul is smaller than other cities
자료 : 서울연구데이터서비스Seoul is the capital of South Korea and is the center of politics, economy, society and culture. The area of Seoul is 605 square kilometers, 37km between east and west and 30km between north and south. It is similar to 23 special districts in Tokyo, and is somewhat smaller than Singapore and New York City.
Seoul is a basin surrounded by mountains and has several streams flow into the Han River. The surrounding area has been designated as a development restricted area since 1971, so the built- area is considerably smaller than that of Tokyo and New York.
However, Seoul is the central city of the metropolitan area, with a high population density of 16,181 people/㎢, which is higher than other cities such as Tokyo, except for Paris. The population exceeded 10.61 million in 1990 and peaked at 10.97 million in 1992, but is showing a gradual decline to 9.79 million in 2010. This is less than Beijing, which has recently seen rapid population growth, but more than that of Tokyo, New York, and London.
2. The history of Seoul began 2,000 years ago,
but the urban development began during the Joseon Dynasty
Seoul in the 19th century in a drama 'Mr. Sunshine' 자료 : CJ E&MSeoul's urban history can be traced back to about 2,000 years when Wirye Castle, the capital of Baekje, was located along the Han River in southeastern Seoul. After that, today's urban development began when Seoul became the capital of the Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910) in 1394. Seoul, which consisted of urban and suburban areas maintained a size of about 200,000 to 300,000 people without much change during the Joseon Dynasty.
With the opening of the port in the late 19th century, Seoul began to establish a framework as a modern city by introducing facilities such as electricity, railways, streetcars, parks, water supply, schools, and hospitals. However, it soon led to Japanese colonial era (1910-1945), and as industrialization gradually took place, rogue settlements were formed throughout the city, and the outer area was rapidly incorporated and transformed into a new residential area.
With the liberation of 1945, it was called Seoul City, and on August 15, 1949, it was renamed Seoul Metropolitan City, and was ruined by the Korean War (1950-1953).
3. After the liberation,
the rapid urbanization process was promoted in Seoul
Road Network Formation Process in Seoul(1936~1989) 자료 : 서울연구데이터서비스 '도로시설'The population of Seoul exceeded 1 million for the first time in 1942, and the city area expanded along the main road. After liberation, the population of Seoul reached 4 million in 1968 with rapid unbanization. Since then, the Seoul Metropolitan Government has promoted urban development, including the expansion and extension of main roads, the construction of Cheonggye Overpass and Yeouido, various urban redevelopment, and the construction of civic apartments in unauthorized settlements.
In 1970, Gangnam(Southern Seoul) Development was decided to distribute urban functions of Gangbuk(Northern Seoul), and a large-scale land readjustment project was implemented and began to be transformed into a new city. After that, as the population inflow continued, the administrative district of Seoul was also expanded to 605㎢ in 1963.
Read "Introducing Seoul part 2" here!
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