문장구조: 영어 문장의 뼈대
AP English. Sentence Structure.
Introduction
In this lesson, I'm going to introduce FIVE sentence structures. Let's dig in!
But first! We need to know few background knowledge.
Clause
So this is what you'll see when you search "Clause" in Cambridge English Dictionary. But it's confusing, right? For now, think of it as an element that builds a sentence. It's just a group of words that contains a subject and a verb.
There are two kinds of Clause.
1. Independent Clause
which makes sense on its own. For example, "Jane ate pasta." makes sense on its own.
2. Dependent Clause(=Subordinate Clause)
which doesn't make sense on its own. For example, "because she was hungry" doesn't make sense without a previous sentence that might have an explanation for the latter part of the sentence.
Coordinating Conjunction
First 'Conjunction' is a word that connects more than two things, and 'Coordinate' means match of things. Coordinating Conjunction means Conjunction that connects sentences equally, like 'but, and, or, for...'.
Now we're ready for the real today's topic!
Simple Sentence
is a sentence with one independent clause. For example "I can't drink warm milk" and "A day without sunshine is like the night" are simple sentences. They are literally simple.
Compound Sentence
is a sentence that has at least two independent clauses joined by comma(,), semicolon(;), or, coordinating conjunction(and, but, or, for...).
You can make Compound Sentences like this.
"I like coffee." + "Mary likes tea." = "I like coffee and Mary likes tea."
Complex Sentence
is formed by dependent clauses (=subordinate clauses) to the main. Here, the main means the front seat.
"Because my coffee was too cold, I heated it in the microwave."
"Because my coffee was too cold" is a dependent clause and it's seating in the front where usually main sentence seats.
Parenthetical Sentence
is a phrase that is not essential to the rest of the sentence.
"Timothy, who lives near Stonehenge, goes to church regularly."
In this sentence, you don't need the middle sentence between commas, because "Timothy goes to church regularly" is the main sentence. So "who lives near Stonehenge" is Parenthetical Sentence.
Fragmented Sentence
is a sentence without missing parts like a subject or a verb, sometimes, a dependent clause in the sentence can be a fragmented sentence too.
"The evaluation shows no improvement in your efficiency." The underlined part is missing a subject.
"That was a time of wonder and amazement." The underlined part is missing a verb.
"We canceled the picnic because it was raining." The underlined part is missing a dependent clause.
Periodic Sentence
is a complex sentence that has the main clause or main point at the end of the sentence. In this case, the sentence isn't grammatically and meaningly complete until you read the last part.
"In spite of heavy snow and cold temperatures, the game continued." In this sentence, the writer's main point is that the game continued. And that part appears at the end of the sentence. This gives dramatic emphasis.
Today's lesson was about Sentence Structure. Did you notice that the structure of the sentences is similar to building buildings? They make harmony by combining each other and eventually show us a beautiful whole sentence. Hope you find those beauties in your own sentences and also hope this lesson helped you. See you!
영어는 외우는게 아니라 느끼는거라고 생각합니다. 영어 공부, 깊게 해봅시다.
