India versus Pakistan
실로 오랜만에 영어수업에 참석한다. 서울로 강릉으로 무척 바쁜 나날을 보냈기 때문이다. 그래서 이번 달엔 결석이 많다. 그렇다고 난 이 수업을 취소하지 않는다. 다만 딱 하루를 참석할지언정 계속한다는 것은 의미가 크니까. 그냥 쉽게 생각하기로 했다. 갈 수 있으면 가고 갈 수 없으면 안 가고. 그렇게 세월 가는 대로 두둥실 두리둥실 하고 싶은 거 할 수 있을 때 해가면서 부드럽게 살아가고 있다. 그래서 내일 수업을 준비한다.
Su-Bin, I've been reading about the Dokto issue.
Oh, that's a hot issue here in Korea.
What do you think about it?
Well, like all Koreans, I think Dokto belongs to Korea.
The historical records seem very complicated to me, but I think that Korea has made a good case for ownership of Dokto.
I'm happy to hear you say that.
In any case, considering that Japan invaded Korea, I think that the Japanese should just give up on the issue of Dokto.
They would be smart to do that, in my opinion.
Besides, the Korean Coast Guard has administered the island since 1954.
That's right. The island is effectively under Korean control.
Yeah, and I don't think Japan would ever go to war over such an issue.
Get out, Mr. Obama! This is none of your business! We have no choice but to use our nuclear weapons to settle our territorial disagreements.
We're willing to use nuclear weapons too. Mr. Obama, can we borrow some nuclear bombs? We're afraid our rival has more bombs than we have.
Stop! Dopn't you realize that your dispute has put the whole world in danger? We can settle any issue at the table by dialogue!
After India was partitioned in 1947, two sovereign states were created: the Dominion of Pakistan (which later split into Pakistan and Bangladesh) and the Union of India (later called the Republic of India). Unfortunately, the division did not lead to a peaceful coexistence of the tow countries. Pakistan was composed of a majority Muslim population, and India held a mostly Hindu popuilation. The newly formed countries could not agree on the control of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, a conflict that continues to this day. Based on documents signed in 1947, India claims the entire state of Jammu and Kashmir, but they administer only 43% of the region. Pakistan claims the same area based on its majority Muslim population but administers approximately 37% of Kashmir, China controls other regions, based on its victories during the Sino-Indian War of 1962.
Dominion 영토
princely 엄청난
administer 관리하다
Jammu 잠무(인도 북부)
Kashmir 카슈미르 (인도 북서부 지방)
카슈미르 분쟁은 카슈미르 지방을 둘러싸고 인도, 파키스탄, 중화인민공화국 3개국이 영유권을 주장하는 지역 분쟁이다. 카슈미르를 놓고, 인도, 잠무 카슈미르 라자가 역사적으로 통치 영역 전체의 영유권을 주장하고 있다. 한편 파키스탄은 중국에 의해 지배되는 지역을 제외한 전역을 자국의 영토라고 주장하고 있다. 인도는 잠무, 라다크, 시아첸 빙하 대부분 지역을 실효지배하고 있다. 또한 중국에 의해 통치되고 있는 카슈미르 지방은 악사이친으로, 또한 중국은 1963년에 카라코람 회랑을 통치하에 두고 있다. 인도는 파키스탄과 1947년, 1965년, 1971년 총 3번 (인도-파키스탄 전쟁), 중국은 한번 전쟁 (인도-중국 전쟁)하였다. 1990년 이후 잠무 카슈미르 주는 라슈카레타이바 등 카슈미르 분리주의자와 인도군의 충돌이 반복되어 수천 명 규모의 사망자를 내고 있다.<위키백과>
India and Pakistan have fought three wars over Kashmir: the Indo-Pakistani Wars of 1947 and 1965 and the Kargil War of 1999. According to experts, the conflict in 1999 almost erupted into a newclear war, as both sides passess nuclear weapons. U.S. President Bill Clinton met with the Prime Minister of Pakistan to discuss the conflict, and Clinton was warned by his national security advisor that the meeting could well be "the single most important meeting with a foreign leader of his entire presidency. " Fortunately, war was averted. Later, in 2002, Clinton would describe Kashmir as "the most dangereous place in the world."
avert 방지하다. 눈을 돌리다.
In 1957, the United Nations Security Council expressed its belief that the final disposition of Jammu and Kashmir should be based on the will of the people in that region. In 2008, Barack Obama stated that he hoped to resolve the crisis between India and Pakistan. However, during his presidency, he took the more realistic view that the issue of Kashmir should be solved by bilateral talks between India and Pakistan.
What do you think?
1. Do you think the conflict in Kashmir will be resolve during your lifetime?
2. Would a vote of all the residents of Kashmir be a fair way to settle the conflict?
3. Should the United Nations do more to resolve the conflict?
4. Do you agree the statement that Kashmir is "the most dangerous place in the world"?
5. Does your country face any border and territorial conflicts with other countries? How should they be resolved?
6. If you had a friend from India or Pakistan, would you discuss the Kashmir issue with them?
7. If you had a chance to visit Kashmir, would you go?
(사진: 꽃 뜰)