Be 동사를 가지고 1,2 형식 만들기 3

염소의 영어공부 이야기 26

이번엔 과거형이다.

be동사의 과거형은 몇 개 없다. was, were 두 개뿐이다!

의미는 ~이었다. ~있었다가 된다.

지난 1,2 형식 만들기에서 썼던 예문을 과거형으로 바꿔보면,

The book was on the table.

The books were on the shelves.

The clock was on the wall.

The watch was on my wrist.

이렇게 된다.

I was an adult.

It was a book.

This was an apple.

1형식 과거형에서는 의미를 해석하면 조금 funny하다.

나는 어른이었다.

이것은 책이었다.

이것은 사과였다.

흠, 그렇다면 지금은..?

Now, it is a rotten apple.

여기서 한 가지 이야기할 것은 am이다.

am은 1형식 단수 현재형에서 쓰이는 be동사인데,

과거의 경우 이것만 따로 변화하지 않고, 그냥 was로 바꿔 쓴다. 왜 was죠..?

이유는 없다. 그냥 그렇다. 이것이 바로 문법의 묘미다.

위의 문장을 부정문으로 바꿔보면,

not은 부사니까 일앞조비뒤를 가지고 다시 생각, be동사 뒤에 위치하면 된다.

The book was not on the table.  >> 줄이면, The book wasn’t on the table.

The books were not on the shelves. >> 줄이면, The books weren’t on the shelves.

The clock was not on the wall. >> 줄이면, The clock wasn’t on the wall.

The watch was not on my wrist.  >> 줄이면, The watch wasn’t on my wrist.

I was not an adult. >> 줄이면, I wasn’t an adult.

It was not a book. >> 줄이면, It wasn’t a book.

This was not an apple. >> 줄이면 This wasn’t an apple.

이걸 그럼 다시 의문문으로 바꿔보자.

Was not the book on the table?

Were not the books on the shelves?

Was not the clock on the wall?

Was not the watch on my wrist?

Was not I an adult?

Was not it a book?

Was not this an apple?

축약해서 쓰면,

Wasn't the book on the table?

Weren't the books on the shelves?

Wasn’t the clock on the wall?

Wasn’t the watch on my wrist?

Wasn’t I an adult?

Wasn't it a book?

Wasn’t this an apple?

이렇게 쓸 수 있다.

참 쉽다!

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